Electrostatics is the study of electric charges at rest. Therefore, it is also called “static electricity”. The charges at rest are produced due to friction between two insulating bodies which are rubbed against each other. Therefore, it is called “frictional electricity”. We know that when a glass rod is rubbed with a piece of silk, the rod acquires the property of attracting small pieces of paper, leaves, cork or even dust particles towards it. The rod is said to be electrified or charged. Similarly, a comb is electrified on passing through dry hair. When we take off a nylon shirt, we find some little sparking. An electric charge also develops on a sheet of paper moving through a printing press and so on.
Applications of Electrostatics
(i) Prevention of pollution of atmosphere by electrostatic precipitation of fly ash.
(ii) In designing electrostatic generators like Van de graaff generator.
(iii) In electrostatic spraying of paints, powders etc.
(iv) In the design of cathode ray tubes for radar and television etc.
(v) In electrostatic loud speakers, microphones etc.
(vi) In ink-jet printing, this is high quality and high speed printing.
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