The word polymer is coined from two Greek words: poly means many and mer means unit or part. The term polymer is defined as very large molecules having high molecular mass (103 – 107 u). These are also referred to as macromolecules, which are formed by joining of repeating structural units on a large scale. The repeating structural units are derived from some simple and reactive molecules known as monomers and are linked to each other by covalent bonds. This process of formation of polymers from respective monomers is called polymerisation.
nCH2 = nCH2 n [CH2 – CH2] [CH2 – CH2] n
Ethene Repeating unit Polythene polymer
There are several ways of classification of polymers based on some special considerations. The following are the common classification of polymers:
Classification based on source
(i) Synthetic polymer
(ii) Natural polymer
(iii) Semi-synthetic polymer
Classification based on Structure of polymers
(i) Linear polymer
(ii) Branched chain polymer
(iii) Cross linked or Network polymers
Classification based on Mode of polymerisation
(i) Addition polymer
(ii) Condensation polymer
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