The earthworm belongs to the class of oligochaeta. Traditionally the earthworm is called night crawler, rainworm, dew-worm and angleworm. The earthworms are named as megadrils as it has big worms. It also has vascular system with capillaries. The scientific classification of earthworm is as follows:
Kingdom – Animalia
Phylum – Annelida
Class – Clitellata
Order – Haplotaxida
Suborder – Lumbricina
The earthworm has a tube like structure. The circulatory system of the earthworm is simple and closed. It consists of two blood vessels that is of the length of the body. One of them is the dorsal blood vessel which moves to the anterior and the other one is ventral blood vessel which extends to the posterior end. The earthworms are hermaphrodite in nature. It also has seminal vesicles which release, store and produce sperm through ovipores, ovaries and male pores. The average life span of earthworm is 4 – 8 years in favourable conditions. Through muscular pharynx it sucks the food in the mouth. Through oesophagus and crop it moves to gizzard where food is churn. Then in intestine the nutrients are absorbed and it moves to anus thereafter.
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Benefits of Earthworm
The most important benefits of earthworm actions to soil productiveness can be concise as:
- Biological. In numerous soils, earthworms counts a foremost position in altering big pieces of organic matter (e.g. dead leaves) into rich humus, and therefore recuperating soil fertility. This is accomplished by the worm's actions of drawing down below any organic matter left on the dried dirt, such as leaf fall or manure, for food. Formerly in the burrow, the worm will slice the leaf and partly digest it, then blend it with the earth by drenching it with intestinal secretions.
- Physical. By its burrowing actions, the earthworm is of immense importance in maintaining the soil structure open, generating a large number of canal which leads to both ventilation and drainage to take place. Earthworms work as a countless throng of pistons propelling air in and out of the soils on a 24 hour cycle. In this way earthworm not only generates course for air and water to pass through, but is itself a imperative constituent in the living bio-system that is healthy soil. An earthworm prolongs to travel all the way through the soil due to the excretion of mucus into the soil that works as a lubricant for easier movement of the worm.
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